Sleep apnea is a respiratory disorder that disrupts sleep, with repeated pauses in breathing lasting from a few seconds to several minutes. There are two main types:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): blockage of the airway due to relaxation of the throat muscles.
- Central sleep apnea (CSA): communication problem between the brain and respiratory muscles.
Common symptoms:
- Loud snoring
- Breathing pauses observed
- Excessive fatigue, difficulty concentrating, morning headaches
- Dry mouth or sore throat
- nocturia (need to urinate at night)
- Memory problems
- Irritability
Health consequences:
Sleep apnea can put you at risk of cardiovascular disease (hypertension), type 2 diabetes, depression, cognitive impairment and chronic fatigue.
Risk factors :
- Overweight or obesity
- Family history
- Male gender, advanced age
- History of heart disease, hypertension or diabetes
Diagnosis and treatment:
Diagnosis is made by a sleep test. Treatments include :
- CPAP : continuous positive airway pressure to keep the airways open
- Surgery: to correct certain abnormalities
- Lifestyle changes: weight loss, smoking cessation, avoiding alcohol before sleeping
If you are experiencing symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Taking care of your sleep is essential for your well-being!
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